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    Pages 1-18
  • Abstract ( Eng | Kor ) || PDF
    • The Relationship between Carbon Emissions and Import Tariffs: Evidence from Korean Data
      Hyelin Choi


         This study analyzes the relationship between carbon emissions and import tariff rates using the Input?Output Tables and import tariff data from Statistics Korea for the years 2021?2023. The results show that industries with higher carbon emissions tend to have lower import tariff rates, and this negative relationship is partly explained by factors such as intra-industry transactions, declining sunset industries, and industry upstreamness. The inverse relationship between carbon emissions and import tariffs remains robust when the data are extended using rank values of carbon emissions.
    •    º» ¿¬±¸´Â 2021³âºÎÅÍ 2023³â±îÁö Åë°èûÀÇ »ê¾÷¿¬°üÇ¥¿Í ¼öÀÔ°ü¼¼ µ¥ÀÌÅ͸¦ ÀÌ¿ëÇØ Á÷Á¢Àû ź¼Ò¹èÃâ·®°ú ¼öÀÔ°ü¼¼À² °£ÀÇ °ü°è¸¦ ºÐ¼®ÇÏ¿´´Ù. ºÐ¼® °á°ú, ź¼Ò¹èÃâ·®ÀÌ ³ôÀº »ê¾÷Àϼö·Ï ¼öÀÔ°ü¼¼À²ÀÌ ³·Àº °ÍÀ¸·Î ³ªÅ¸ ³µ°í, ÀÌ´Â ±âÁ¸ ¿¬±¸ °á°ú¿Í ÀÏÄ¡ÇÑ´Ù. ź¼Ò¹èÃâ·®°ú ¼öÀÔ°ü¼¼À²ÀÇ ºÎÁ¤Àû °ü°è´Â »ê¾÷ ³» ¹«¿ª, »ç¾ç »ê¾÷ ¿©ºÎ, Àü¹æ»ê¾÷¿¡ ÀÇÇØ ÀϺΠ¼³¸íµÇ´Â °Í À¸·Î ³ªÅ¸³µ°í, µÎ º¯¼ö °£ÀÇ ºÎÁ¤Àû °ü°è´Â ź¼Ò¹èÃâ·®ÀÇ ¼­¿­ °ªÀ» ÀÌ¿ëÇØ µ¥ÀÌÅ͸¦ È®ÀåÇÑ °æ¿ì¿¡µµ µ¿ÀÏÇÏ°Ô È®ÀεǾú´Ù.
    Linkage between Global Production Networks and Financial Integration: Evidence from Portfolio Investment Positions
    Hyunjin Oh, Danbee Park
    Pages 19-46
  • Abstract ( Eng | Kor ) || PDF
    • ±Û·Î¹ú °¡Ä¡»ç½½°ú ±ÝÀ¶ÅëÇÕÀÇ ¿¬°è¼º:Æ÷Æ®Æú¸®¿À ÅõÀÚÆ÷Áö¼Ç¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ½ÇÁõºÐ¼®
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         ÀÌ ³í¹®Àº ±Û·Î¹ú °¡Ä¡»ç½½(GVC) ¿¬°èÀÇ ºÐ»ê(dispersion)ÀÌ °¢±¹ÀÇ ¼ø Æ÷Æ®Æú¸®¿ÀÅõÀÚ Æ÷Áö¼Ç¿¡ ¹ÌÄ¡´Â ¿µÇâÀ» ºÐ¼®ÇÑ´Ù. 2002³âºÎÅÍ 2018³â±îÁö 155°³±¹ÀÇ µ¥ÀÌÅ͸¦ ÀÌ¿ëÇÑ ½ÇÁõºÐ¼® °á°ú, GVC ¿¬°è ºÐ»êÀº ¼øÆ÷Æ®Æú¸®¿À ÅõÀÚ Æ÷Áö¼ÇÀ» À¯ÀÇÇÏ°Ô È®´ë½ÃŰ´Â °ÍÀ¸·Î ³ªÅ¸³µÀ¸¸ç, ÀÌ´Â ±¹°¡µéÀÌ »ý»ê ³×Æ®¿öÅ© ³»ÀÇ À§ÇèÀ» ±ÝÀ¶½ÃÀåÀ» ÅëÇØ ÇìÁö(hedge)Çϰí ÀÖÀ½À» ½Ã»çÇÑ´Ù. ±×·¯³ª ¼±Áø±¹ÀÇ °æ¿ì GVC ¿¬°è ºÐ»êÀÌ ¼øÆ÷Áö¼Ç¿¡ À¯ÀÇÇÑ ¿µÇâÀ» ¹ÌÄ¡Áö ¾Ê¾ÒÀ¸¸ç, ÀÌ´Â ´ë¿Ü Æ÷Æ®Æú¸®¿ÀÀÇ À¯Ãâ°ú À¯ÀÔÀÌ ±ÕÇüÀûÀ¸·Î ¿òÁ÷ÀÌ´Â ±¸Á¶ ¸¦ ¹Ý¿µÇÏ´Â °ÍÀ¸·Î ÇØ¼®µÈ´Ù. Àü¹ÝÀûÀ¸·Î º» ¿¬±¸ÀÇ °á°ú´Â GVC »ý»ê ³×Æ® ¿öÅ©°¡ ºÐ»êµÉ¼ö·Ï Á¤º¸ È帧À» °³¼±Çϰí ÅõÀÚÀÚÀÇ ÀÚ±¹ ÆíÇâÀ» ¿ÏÈ­ÇÔÀ¸·Î ½á ±¹Á¦ ±ÝÀ¶ ³ëÃâÀ» ÃËÁøÇϸç, ½Ç¹°ºÎ¹®ÀÇ ÅëÇÕ°ú ±¹°æ °£ ±ÝÀ¶¿¬°è°¡ »óÈ£ º¸¿ÏÀûÀ¸·Î ÀÛµ¿Çϰí ÀÖÀ½À» º¸¿©ÁØ´Ù.
    •    This paper examines how dispersion in global value chain (GVC) linkages affects countries¡¯ net portfolio investment positions, using data from 155 countries over 2002?2018. GVC linkage dispersion is positively associated with net portfolio positions, suggesting that countries use international financial markets to hedge production network risks. This effect is absent among advanced economies, where outward and inward portfolio flows are more balanced. The results highlight complementarities between real-sector integration and cross-border financial linkages, particularly in less financially liberalized economies.
    ¿ì¸®³ª¶ó ÅëÈ­Á¤Ã¥ Ãæ°ÝÀÌ ¼Òµæ ¹× ¼Òºñ ºÒÆòµî¿¡ ¹ÌÄ¡´Â ¿µÇâ
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    Pages 47-92
  • Abstract ( Eng | Kor ) || PDF
    • The Impact of Monetary Policy Shocks on Income and Consumption Inequality in Korea
      Inhwan So, Kyu Tae Kim


         This paper examines the impacts of monetary policy shocks on income and consumption inequality, as well as their transmission channels in Korea. To do so, we first identify monetary policy shocks using a narrative approach that incorporates the information considered across monetary policy decision meetings. In addition, we construct various income and consumption inequality indicators using micro-level data from the Household Income and Expenditure Survey. Then, using these variables, we estimate the VAR models to examine the effects of monetary policy shocks on inequality. The results show that a contractionary monetary policy shock significantly exacerbates income inequality. However, its impact on consumption inequality is found to be relatively limited or less significant compared to that on income inequality.
    •    º»°í´Â ¿ì¸®³ª¶óÀÇ ÅëÈ­Á¤Ã¥ Ãæ°ÝÀ» ½Äº°Çϰí, À̸¦ ÀÌ¿ëÇÏ¿© ÅëÈ­Á¤Ã¥ÀÌ ¼Òµæ ¹× ¼Òºñ ºÒÆòµî¿¡ ¹ÌÄ¡´Â ¿µÇâ°ú ±× ÆÄ±Þ°æ·Î¸¦ ºÐ¼®ÇÑ´Ù. À̸¦ À§ÇØ ¸ÕÀú ÅëÈ­Á¤Ã¥ °áÁ¤È¸Àǽà °í·ÁÇÏ´Â Á¤º¸¸¦ ÀÌ¿ëÇÑ ¼³È­Àû Á¢±Ù¹æ½ÄÀ¸·Î ÅëÈ­Á¤Ã¥ Ãæ°ÝÀ» ½Äº°Çϰí, °¡°è¹Ì½Ãµ¥ÀÌÅÍ(°¡°èµ¿ÇâÁ¶»ç)¸¦ ÀÌ¿ëÇÏ¿© ÁÖ¿ä ±¸¼º Ç׸ñº°·Î ¼Òµæ?¼Òºñ ºÒÆòµî ÁöÇ¥µéÀ» ±¸ÃàÇÏ¿´´Ù. ±×¸®°í ÅëÈ­Á¤Ã¥ Ãæ°ÝÀÌ ¼Òµæ ¹× ¼Òºñ ºÒÆòµî¿¡ ¹ÌÄ¡´Â ¿µÇâÀ» »ìÆìº¸±â À§ÇØ ÀÌµé º¯¼öµé ·Î ±¸¼ºµÈ º¤ÅÍÀÚ±âȸ±Í¸ðÇüÀ» ÃßÁ¤ÇÏ¿´´Ù. ½ÇÁõºÐ¼® °á°ú, ±äÃàÀû ÅëÈ­Á¤ Ã¥ Ãæ°ÝÀº ¼Òµæ ºÒÆòµîÀ» À¯ÀÇÇÏ°Ô ½ÉÈ­½ÃŰ´Â °ÍÀ¸·Î ³ªÅ¸³­ ¹Ý¸é, ¼Òºñ ºÒÆòµî¿¡ ¹ÌÄ¡´Â ¿µÇâÀº ¼Òµæ ºÒÆòµî¿¡ ºñÇØ »ó´ëÀûÀ¸·Î Á¦ÇÑÀûÀ̰ųª À¯ ÀǼºÀÌ ³·Àº °ÍÀ¸·Î ºÐ¼®µÇ¾ú´Ù.
    ¹Ì¡¤Áß ÁöÁ¤ÇÐÀû ±äÀå ½ÉÈ­°¡ Çѱ¹ ¼öÃâÀÔ ¹× »ê¾÷º° ¹«¿ª¿¡ ¹ÌÄ¡´Â ¿µÇ⠺м®
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    Pages 93-116
  • Abstract ( Eng | Kor ) || PDF
    • An Empirical Analysis of the Impact of Escalating US-China Geopolitical Tensions on Korea¡¯s Aggregate and Industry-Level Trade Flows
      Jihye Ahn


         The US-China geopolitical tensions have evolved into a structural and long-term conflict since the onset of the trade war in 2018. The recent resumption of ultra-high tariffs under the second Trump administration in 2025 has further intensified the conflict, amplifying uncertainties across global supply chains and the international economic order. These developments represent significant external shocks to highly trade-dependent economies such as Korea. This study empirically analyzes the impact of escalating US-China geopolitical tensions on Korea¡¯s exports and imports over the period from 2017 to 2024. A vector error correction model (VECM) and generalized impulse response functions (GIRFs) are employed to capture both long-run equilibrium relationships and short-run dynamic adjustments. The results indicate that rising geopolitical tensions negatively affect both exports and imports in the short run. In the long run, however, an adjustment mechanism toward equilibrium is observed, accompanied by restructuring of trade patterns. At the industry level, heterogeneous responses are identified across sectors. In particular, semiconductors exhibit persistent disequilibrium with amplified long-run divergence, while automobiles and steel show partial convergence toward equilibrium, reflecting differences in global value chain positioning and external dependency. These results suggest that the impact of geopolitical shocks is transmitted asymmetrically across industries through global production networks. These findings imply that Korea¡¯s trade structure is highly sensitive to geopolitical shocks and adjusts differently across sectors. Accordingly, policy responses should shift their focus from short-term shock mitigation toward enhancing long-term structural resilience. In addition to diversifying export and import markets, it is necessary to enhance supply chain diversification, reinforce domestic production capabilities in strategic industries, and establish early warning and monitoring systems that incorporate geopolitical risk.
    •    ¹Ì¡¤Áß ÁöÁ¤ÇÐÀû ±äÀåÀº 2018³â ¹Ì¡¤Áß ¹«¿ªÀüÀï ÀÌÈÄ ±¸Á¶ÀûÀ̰í Àå±âÀûÀÎ °¥µîÀ¸·Î ½ÉÈ­µÇ¾úÀ¸¸ç, ÃÖ±Ù 2025³â Æ®·³ÇÁ 2±â ÇàÁ¤ºÎÀÇ °íÀ² °ü¼¼ Àç°³·Î ÀÎÇØ ±Û·Î¹ú °ø±Þ¸Á ¹× ±¹Á¦°æÁ¦ Áú¼­ Àü¹ÝÀÇ ºÒÈ®½Ç¼ºÀÌ È®´ëµÇ°í ÀÖ´Ù. º» ¿¬±¸´Â 2017³â 1¿ùºÎÅÍ 2024³â 2¿ù±îÁöÀÇ ¿ùº° ÀڷḦ Ȱ¿ë ÇÏ¿© º¤ÅÍ¿ÀÂ÷¼öÁ¤¸ðÇü(VECM)°ú ÀϹÝÈ­µÈ Ãæ°Ý¹ÝÀÀÇÔ¼ö(GIRF)¸¦ ÅëÇØ ¹Ì¡¤Áß ÁöÁ¤ÇÐÀû ±äÀåÀÌ Çѱ¹ ¹«¿ª¿¡ ¹ÌÄ¡´Â ¿µÇâÀ» ºÐ¼®ÇÏ¿´´Ù. ºÐ¼® °á°ú, ¹Ì¡¤Áß ±äÀå ½ÉÈ­´Â Çѱ¹ÀÇ ¼öÃâ°ú ¼öÀÔ ¸ðµÎ¿¡ ´Ü±âÀûÀ¸·Î ºÎÁ¤Àû Ãæ°ÝÀ» ¹ÌÄ¡Áö¸¸, Àå±âÀûÀ¸·Î´Â ÀÏÁ¤ ¼öÁØÀÇ ±ÕÇü Á¶Á¤ ¸ÞÄ¿´ÏÁòÀÌ ÀÛµ¿ÇÏ´Â °ÍÀ¸·Î ³ªÅ¸³µ´Ù. ±×·¯³ª »ê¾÷º° ºÐ¼®¿¡¼­´Â Á¶Á¤ ¼Óµµ¿Í ¿µÇâÀÇ Å©±â°¡ »óÀÌÇÏ°Ô ³ªÅ¸³ª ¹ÝµµÃ¼, ÀÚµ¿Â÷, ö°­ »ê¾÷ °£ ÀÌÁúÀûÀÎ ¹ÝÀÀÀÌ È®ÀεǾú´Ù. ÀÌ´Â Çѱ¹ ¹«¿ª±¸Á¶°¡ ¿ÜºÎ ÁöÁ¤ÇÐÀû Ãæ°Ý¿¡ ´ëÇØ »ê¾÷º°·Î »óÀÌÇÑ ÀûÀÀ °æ·Î¸¦ º¸ÀÌ¸ç ºñ´ëĪÀûÀ¸·Î Á¶Á¤µÊÀ» ÀǹÌÇÑ´Ù. ÀÌ·¯ÇÑ °á°ú´Â ¹Ì¡¤Áß ÁöÁ¤ÇÐÀû ±äÀåÀÌ ´Ü±âÀûÀ¸·Î ¹«¿ª À§ÃàÀ» À¯¹ßÇÏ´Â µ¿½Ã¿¡ Àå±âÀûÀ¸·Î´Â »ê¾÷ ±¸Á¶ ÀçÆíÀ» ÃÊ·¡ÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖÀ½À» ½Ã»çÇÑ´Ù. µû¶ó¼­ ´Ü±â Ãæ°Ý ¿ÏÈ­¿Í ÇÔ²² ¼öÃâÀÔ ½ÃÀå ´Ùº¯È­, °ø±Þ¸Á ºÐ»ê, ÇÙ½É »ê¾÷ÀÇ »ý»ê ±â¹Ý °­È­, ÁöÁ¤ÇÐÀû ¸®½ºÅ©¸¦ ¹Ý¿µÇÑ ¸ð´ÏÅ͸µ ü°è ±¸ÃàÀÌ ¿ä±¸µÈ´Ù.


The Korean Journal of Economics, Vol. 33, No. 1 (Spring 2026)