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    Fitting the Tail of Firm Size Distribution in Korea
    Joocheol Kim, Hyun Yeol Kim
    Pages 295-320
  • Abstract ( Eng | Kor ) || PDF
    •    This study estimates the tail index of firm size distribution in Korea, by fitting its right tail to a scaled Log phase-type distribution. We use the sample of statutory-audited firms, including both financial and non-financial companies. Regardless of the choice of proxy for firm size, our estimator fits the extreme tail of the distribution better than the previous methods, such as the popular Hill estimator. The estimates of the tail index vary across different firm size measures and the economic statuses, indicating that firm sizes do not necessarily follow the Zipf¡¯s law. Furthermore, the upper tail of the firm size distribution in Korea becomes thicker during the financial crises in 1997 and 2007-2008. This adds to the evidence that the allocation of resources across firms is affected by financial crises.
    • Çѱ¹ ±â¾÷Å©±âºÐÆ÷ÀÇ ¿ìÃø ²¿¸®¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ÃßÁ¤
      ±èÁÖö, ±èÇö¿­


         º» ¿¬±¸¿¡¼­´Â Çѱ¹ÀÇ ±â¾÷Å©±âºÐÆ÷ÀÇ ¿ìÃø ²¿¸® ºÎºÐÀ» scaled Log phase-type ºÐÆ÷·Î ÃßÁ¤ÇÔÀ¸·Î½á ±× tail index °ªÀ» ÃßÁ¤ÇÏ°íÀÚ ÇÑ´Ù. ±ÝÀ¶±â¾÷°ú ºñ ±ÝÀ¶±â¾÷ ¸ðµÎ¸¦ Æ÷ÇÔÇÑ ¿ÜºÎ °¨»çÀÇ ´ë»óÀÌ µÇ´Â ±â¾÷µéÀ» ´ë»óÀ¸·Î ¿¬±¸¸¦ ¼öÇàÇÑ °á°ú, ±â¾÷ Å©±âÀÇ ´ë¸®º¯¼ö¸¦ ¾î¶² °ÍÀ¸·Î ¼±ÅÃÇϵçÁö °£¿¡ º» ¿¬±¸¿¡¼­ »ç¿ëµÈ ¹æ¹ýÀÌ Hill estimator¸¦ Æ÷ÇÔÇÑ ÀÌÀüÀÇ ¹æ¹ýº¸´Ù tail index¸¦ È¿°úÀûÀ¸·Î ÃßÁ¤ÇÏ´Â °ÍÀ¸·Î ³ªÅ¸³µ´Ù. Tail indexÀÇ ÃßÁ¤Ä¡´Â ±â¾÷ Å©±âÀÇ ´ë¸®º¯¼ö¿¡ µû¶ó, ±×¸®°í °æ±â¿¡ µû¶ó ´Ù¸£°Ô °è»êµÇ¾úÀ¸¸ç, ÀÌ´Â ±â¾÷ÀÇ Å©±â ºÐÆ÷°¡ ¹Ýµå½Ã Zipf¡¯s law¸¦ µû¸£Áö´Â ¾Ê´Â´Ù´Â °ÍÀ» º¸¿©ÁØ´Ù. ³ª¾Æ°¡ 1997³â°ú 2007³â ÀüÈÄ·Î ±â¾÷Å©±âºÐÆ÷ÀÇ ¿ìÃø ²¿¸®°¡ ´õ¿í µÎ²¨¿öÁø °ÍÀ» È®ÀÎÇÒ ¼ö Àִµ¥, ÀÌ´Â ±ÝÀ¶À§±â°¡ ±â¾÷µé °£ÀÇ ÀÚ¿ø ºÐÆ÷¿¡ ºÐ¸íÇÑ ¿µÇâÀ» Áشٴ °ÍÀ¸·Î Çؼ®ÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù.
    ´ºÄÉÀÎÁö¾ð ¸ðÇü¿¡¼­ ³»±¸Àç ¹× ºñ³»±¸Àç »ê¾÷ÀÇ °øÇ༺ ¹®Á¦¿Í ³»±¸Àç »ê¾÷¿¡¼­ÀÇ ºÎ¹®°£ Á¶Á¤ºñ¿ëÀÇ ¿ªÇÒ
    ÃÖ¼®±â, ±è±¤È¯
    Pages 321-363
  • Abstract ( Eng | Kor ) || PDF
    • The Comovement Problem between Durable and Nondurable Sector in a New Keynesian DSGE Model and the Role of Intratemporal Adjustment Cost
      Suk Gee Choi, Kwang Hwan Kim


         This paper resolves the sectoral comovement problem that arises in response to a monetary shock in a two sector New Keynesian Dynamic Stochastic General Equilibrium model consisting of sticky priced nondurable consumption sector and flexible priced durable sector. The durable sector produces durable consumption goods and investment goods for two sector. So the comovememt problem expands from between nondurable and durable consumption or consumption and investment to among nondurable consumption, durable consumption and investments for two sector. We find that the sticky wage which is commonly incorporated in the New Keynesian model to resolve the comovment problem cannot solve the problem alone and makes it even worse and that the intratemporal adjustment cost in the durable sector is additionally needed to resolve the comovement problem.
    •    º» ¿¬±¸´Â °¡°ÝÀÌ °æÁ÷ÀûÀÎ ºñ³»±¸¼ÒºñÀç »ê¾÷°ú °¡°ÝÀÌ ½ÅÃàÀûÀÎ ³»±¸Àç »ê¾÷À¸·Î ±¸¼ºµÈ two sector ´ºÄÉÀÎÁö¾ð DSGE ¸ðÇü¿¡¼­ ÅëÈ­Á¤Ã¥ Ãæ°Ý½Ã ¹ß»ýÇÏ´Â °øÇ༺ ¹®Á¦¸¦ ÇØ°áÇϱâ À§ÇÑ ¹æ¾È¿¡ ´ëÇØ ¾Ë¾Æº»´Ù. ³»±¸Àç »ê¾÷Àº ºñ³»±¸¼ÒºñÀç ¹× ¾ç »ê¾÷¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ÅõÀÚÀ縦 »ý»êÇÏ´Â °ÍÀ¸·Î ¼³Á¤ÇÏ¿© ºñ³»±¸Àç ¹× ³»±¸Àç ¼Òºñ¿Í ÅõÀÚ¸¦ ¸ðµÎ Æ÷ÇÔÇÏ´Â °æÁ¦¸¦ ´ë»óÀ¸·Î °øÇ༺ ¹®Á¦¸¦ ºÐ¼®ÇÑ´Ù. µû¶ó¼­ °øÇ༺ ¹®Á¦´Â ±âÁ¸ ¿¬±¸µéÀÌ ´Ù·é ºñ³»±¸¼ÒºñÀç¿Í ³»±¸¼ÒºñÀç°£ ¶Ç´Â ¼ÒºñÀç¿Í ÅõÀÚÀç°£ ¹®Á¦¿¡¼­ ºñ³»±¸¼ÒºñÀç, ³»±¸¼ÒºñÀç, ¾ç »ê¾÷¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ÅõÀÚÀç°£ÀÇ ¹®Á¦·Î È®´ëµÈ´Ù. ÀÌ·¯ÇÑ °æÁ¦ÀÇ °æ¿ì two sector ´ºÄÉÀÎÁö¾ð ¸ðÇü¿¡¼­ °øÇ༺ ¹®Á¦¸¦ ÇØ°áÇϱâ À§ÇØ ÀϹÝÀûÀ¸·Î µµÀԵǴ ÀÓ±Ý °æÁ÷¼ºÀº ÀÚº»ÀÇ ½ÇÁú ÀÓ´ë·á »ó½ÂÀ» ÃÊ·¡ÇØ °¡°èÀÇ ³»±¸¼ÒºñÀç ¼Òºñ°¡ ´õ¿í °¨¼ÒÇÏ°Ô µÇ¾î ºñ³»±¸¼ÒºñÀç¿Í ³»±¸¼ÒºñÀç°£ °øÇ༺ ¹®Á¦¸¦ ´õ¿í ¾ÇÈ­½ÃÅ°´Â °ÍÀ¸·Î ³ªÅ¸³µÀ¸¸ç ³»±¸Àç »ê¾÷¿¡ ºÎ¹®°£ Á¶Á¤ºñ¿ëÀ» Ãß°¡·Î µµÀÔÇÒ °æ¿ì °øÇ༺ ¹®Á¦°¡ ÇØ°áµÇ´Â °ÍÀ¸·Î ³ªÅ¸³µ´Ù.
    °æÁ¦Àû ÀÚÀ¯¿Í »çȸÁ¤ÀÇ: ½Å°íÀüÀû ÀÚÀ¯ÁÖÀÇ¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ºñÆÇÀû °ËÅä
    ȲÀçÈ«, Á¶ÇʱÔ
    Pages 365-399
  • Abstract ( Eng | Kor ) || PDF
    • Economic Liberty and Social Justice: A Critical Review on Neoclassical Liberalism
      Jaehong Hwang, Pil Kyoo Jo


         Neoclassical liberalism refers to the recent movement of liberalism toward the integration of classical liberalism and egalitarian liberalism. While, like classical liberalism, neoclassical liberalism holds that economic liberties should be recognized as basic rights, it attempts to morally justify economic liberties in terms of egalitarian liberalism. Neoclassical liberalism emphasizes social justice and argues for the efficient achievement of social justice through market forces. However, it suffers some problems that, if thick economic liberties are accepted as basic liberties, the difference principle is not necessarily satisfied since social security systems and social safety net programs are limited, and neoclassical liberalism is reduced to the efficiency argument. Nevertheless, we believe that economic liberties and social justice might be successfully integrated if economic liberties are identified with the moral power of responsible self-authorship thus the scope of economic liberties is newly interpreted.
    •    ½Å°íÀüÀû ÀÚÀ¯ÁÖÀÇ´Â °íÀüÀû ÀÚÀ¯ÁÖÀÇ¿Í ÆòµîÁÖÀÇÀû ÀÚÀ¯ÁÖÀǸ¦ ÅëÇÕÇÏ·Á´Â ÀÚÀ¯ÁÖÀÇ ÃÖ±Ù Á¶·ùÀÌ´Ù. À̵éÀº °íÀüÀû ÀÚÀ¯ÁÖÀÇ¿Í ¸¶Âù°¡Áö·Î °æÁ¦Àû ÀÚÀ¯°¡ ±âº»Àû ÀÚÀ¯·Î ÀÎÁ¤µÇ¾î¾ß ÇÑ´Ù°í ÁÖÀåÇÏÁö¸¸, °íÀüÀû ÀÚÀ¯ÁÖÀÇ¿Í ´Þ¸® ÆòµîÁÖÀÇÀû ÀÚÀ¯ÁÖÀÇ °üÁ¡¿¡¼­ °æÁ¦Àû ÀÚÀ¯¿¡ ´ëÇÑ µµ´öÀû Á¤´çÈ­¸¦ ½ÃµµÇÏ°í ÀÖ´Ù. ¶ÇÇÑ ½Å°íÀüÀû ÀÚÀ¯ÁÖÀÇ´Â ÆòµîÁÖÀÇÀû ÀÚÀ¯ÁÖÀÇÀÇ »çȸÁ¤ÀǸ¦ ¼ö¿ëÇϸ鼭µµ, ÀÌ´Â ½ÃÀåÀ» ÅëÇؼ­ °¡Àå È¿°úÀûÀ¸·Î ½ÇÇöµÉ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù°í ÁÖÀåÇÑ´Ù. ±×·¯³ª ±¤¹üÀ§ÇÑ °æÁ¦Àû ÀÚÀ¯°¡ ±âº»Àû ÀÚÀ¯·Î ÀÎÁ¤µÈ´Ù¸é, »çȸº¸Àå°ú »çȸ¾ÈÀü¸Á ±¸ÃàÀº ±ØÈ÷ Á¦¾àÀûÀÏ ¼ö¹Û¿¡ ¾ø´Ù´Â Á¡¿¡¼­ Â÷µîÀÇ ¿øÄ¢ÀÌ ¸¸Á·µÈ´Ù´Â º¸ÀåÀÌ ¾ø´Ù. ¶ÇÇÑ ±¤¹üÀ§ÇÑ °æÁ¦Àû ÀÚÀ¯¸¦ ±âº»Àû ÀÚÀ¯·Î °Ý»ó½ÃÅ°´Â °ÍÀº »ç½Ç»ó È¿À²¼º ÁÖÀåÀ¸·Î ȯ¿øµÈ´Ù. ±×·³¿¡µµ ºÒ±¸ÇÏ°í °æÁ¦Àû ÀÚÀ¯ÀÇ °¡Ä¡°¡ ÀÚÀ²Àû ÁÖü·Î¼­ÀÇ °³ÀεéÀÇ µµ´öÀû ´É·ÂÀ̶ó´Â °üÁ¡¿¡¼­ ÀÎ½ÄµÉ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù¸é, °æÁ¦Àû ÀÚÀ¯ÀÇ ¹üÀ§´Â »õ·Ó°Ô Á¤ÀÇµÉ ¼ö ÀÖÀ» °ÍÀ̸ç, °æÁ¦Àû ÀÚÀ¯¿Í »çȸÁ¤ÀÇ°¡ ¼ÒÅëÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Â °¡´É¼ºÀº ¿©ÀüÈ÷ ¿­·ÁÀÖ´Ù.
    ÀϺ»ÀÇ ¼ÒµæºÐÀ§º° ÈÄ»ý°³¼±¿©ºÎ¿¡ °üÇÑ ºÐ¼®(1982-2013)
    È«¼ºÇÏ, ¿ì¿µ±¹
    Pages 401-422
  • Abstract ( Eng | Kor ) || PDF
    • Welfare Change in Relation to the Percentile Income Distribution in Japan between 1982 and 2013
      Seong Ha Hong, Young Kook Woo


         This paper investigates whether welfare improved in each income percentile in Japan during 1982 and 2013. By dividing total consumption expenditure into food and non-food categories, we consider welfare as increased if the amount of total consumption expenditure of the previous year falls within the budget constraint line of current year and vice versa. According to about thirty years¡¯ data, the time between 1982 and 1992 is the decade of improved welfare while in the next decade between 1993 and 2001 welfare deteriorated. The final decade can be characterized as a mixed period. We find that welfare change is not correlated with income level. Almost all worse-off(better-off) deciles have the smallest(biggest) among the rate of change in nominal consumption expenditure, those of food prices, and non-food prices.
    •    ÀÌ ³í¹®¿¡¼­´Â 1982³âºÎÅÍ 2013³â µ¿¾È ¼Òµæ¼öÁØÀ» 10ºÐÀ§·Î ³ª´©¾î Á÷Àü ¿¬µµ¿¡ ºñÇØ ÈÄ»ýÀÌ °³¼±µÇ¾ú´ÂÁö ¿©ºÎ¸¦ ºÐ¼®Çß´Ù. ºÐ¼®¹æ¹ýÀº ¼ÒºñÁöÃâÀ» ½Ä·áÇ°±º°ú ºñ½Ä·áÇ°±ºÀ¸·Î ³ª´©¾î Àü³âµµ ¼ÒºñÁöÃâÀÌ ±Ý³âµµ ¿¹»ê¼± ¾È¿¡ ÀÖÀ¸¸é ÈÄ»ý°³¼±À¸·Î, ±Ý³âµµ ¼ÒºñÁöÃâÀÌ Àü³âµµ ¿¹»ê¼± ¾È¿¡ ÀÖÀ¸¸é ÈÄ»ý¾ÇÈ­·Î ÆǺ°ÇÏ¿´´Ù. ¾à 30 ³â°£À» ºÐ¼®ÇÑ °á°ú 10¿©³â ´ÜÀ§·Î ÈÄ»ý°³¼±±â(1982-1992), ÈÄ»ý¾ÇÈ­±â(1993-2001) ±×¸®°í ÈÄ»ýº¯È­È¥Àç±â(2002-2013)·Î ³ª´­ ¼ö ÀÖ¾ú´Ù. Àü ±â°£À» ÅëÇØ º¼ ¶§ ÈÄ»ýº¯È­´Â ¼Òµæ¼öÁØ°ú »ó°ü°ü°è¸¦ ãÀ» ¼ö ¾ø¾ú°í ¿¬µµº° ºÐÀ§º°·Î »êÀçÇØ ÀÖ¾ú´Ù. ÈÄ»ý °³¼±ÀÇ ´ëºÎºÐÀÇ °æ¿ì ¼ÒºñÁöÃâ Áõ°¡À²ÀÌ À§ µÎ »óÇ°±ºÀÇ °¡°Ý Áõ°¡À²º¸´Ù ÄÇ°í, ÈÄ»ý¾ÇÈ­ÀÇ ´ëºÎºÐÀÇ °æ¿ì´Â ¹Ý´ë·Î ¼ÒºñÁöÃâ Áõ°¡À²ÀÌ µÎ »óÇ°±ºº¸´Ù ÀÛ¾Ò´Ù.
    Fixed Broadband and Wibro (Wireless Broadband): Are They Substitutes or Complements?
    Jinsoo Bae, Yun Jeong Choi, Jong-Hee Hahn
    Pages 423-448
  • Abstract ( Eng | Kor ) || PDF
    •    This paper investigates whether fixed and mobile broadband services are substitutes or complements using firm-level panel data obtained from three major telecommunications operators in South Korea. We employ a multi-level demand model based on Hausman et al. (1994), which allows for the possibility of complementarity between differentiated services. The estimated price elasticities of demand indicate that mobile broadband is a (weak) substitute for fixed broadband while fixed broadband is complementary to mobile broadband. This is in contrast with the previous studies based on logit models which essentially assume substitution between different technologies. This result implies that fixed and mobile internet services constitute distinctive antitrust markets at least in the early stage of mobile broadband development.
    • À¯¹«¼± ±¤´ë¿ªÀÎÅͳݼ­ºñ½º: À̵éÀº ´ëüÀçÀΰ¡ º¸¿ÏÀçÀΰ¡?
      ¹èÁø¼ö, ÃÖÀ±Á¤, ÇÑÁ¾Èñ


         º» ³í¹®Àº ¹æ¼ÛÅë½ÅÀ§¿øȸ¿Í ±¹³» Åë½Å3»çÀÇ ÆгÎÀڷḦ ÀÌ¿ëÇÏ¿© À¯¹«¼± ±¤´ë¿ªÀÎÅͳݼ­ºñ½º°¡ ´ëüÀçÀÎÁö º¸¿ÏÀçÀÎÁö ¿©ºÎ¸¦ ½ÇÁõºÐ¼® ÇÏ¿´´Ù. ¼ÒºñÀÚµéÀÌ Â÷º°È­µÈ Á¦Ç°À» º¸¿ÏÀûÀ¸·Î »ç¿ëÇÒ °¡´É¼ºÀ» °í·ÁÇÏ°í ÀÖ´Â Hausman ¿Ü(1994)ÀÇ multi-level demand ¸ðÇüÀ» »ç¿ëÇÏ¿© ºÐ¼®ÇÑ °á°ú, ¹«¼± ±¤´ë¿ª ÀÎÅͳݼ­ºñ½º´Â À¯¼± ±¤´ë¿ª ÀÎÅͳݼ­ºñ½º¸¦ (¾àÇÏ°Ô) ´ëüÇÏ´Â ¹Ý¸é À¯¼± ±¤´ë¿ª ÀÎÅͳݼ­ºñ½º´Â ¹«¼± ±¤´ë¿ª ÀÎÅͳݼ­ºñ½º¸¦ º¸¿ÏÇÏ´Â °ÍÀ¸·Î ³ªÅ¸³µ´Ù. ÀÌ´Â À̻꼱ÅøðÇüÀ» »ç¿ëÇÏ¿© À¯¹«¼± ÀÎÅͳݼ­ºñ½º°¡ ´ëüÀç·Î¼­ ¼­·Î °æÀï°ü°èÀÓÀ» º¸ÀÎ ±âÁ¸ÀÇ ½ÇÁõºÐ¼®°ú ´ëÁ¶µÇ´Â °ÍÀ¸·Î¼­ °ü·Ã ½ÃÀåÀÇ È¹Á¤¿¡ ´ëÇÑ »õ·Î¿î ½Ã»çÁ¡À» Á¦°øÇÑ´Ù º¼ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù.


The Korean Journal of Economics, Vol. 22, No. 2 (Spring 2015)